In exchange, they received reserve lands, Required to cede their land to the Crown. That whether Indigenous peoples “wished it or not, immigrants would come in and fill up the country… and that now was the time for them to come to an arrangement that would secure homes and annuities for themselves and their children.” ( See also Treaties 1 and 2.) In the Numbered Treaties that followed, First Nations were
( See Manitoba Act.) The following year, treaty negotiations with First Nations peoples ( See Red River Rebellion.) In 1870, the province of Manitoba was created to meet Métis demands. As a result, the Métis of the Red River resisted and formed a provisional However, the Indigenous inhabitants of the land were not consulted about its sale. These were key elements of the government’s development strategy. ( See North-West Territories (1870–1905).)Ĭanada intended to use natural resources and lands in the West to promote Western settlement and This vast area stretched from Labrador to the Rocky Mountains and from theįorty-ninth parallel to the Arctic Ocean. In 1869, the government purchased Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory from the Hudson’s Bay Company.
To secure its political and economic future. Canadian Expansion and Indigenous LandsĪfter Confederation in 1867, the Dominion government expanded westward in an effort As a result, hundreds of thousands of settlers poured into the region.Ĭertificat des Métis émis pour l’acquisition de terres fédérales, 1905. From 1870 to 1930, roughly 625,000 land patents were issued to homesteaders. The Act was repealed in 1930, when lands and resources were transferred from the federal government to the provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Some 1.25 million homesteads were made available over an expanse of about 80 million hectares - the largest survey grid in the world. It covered eligibility and settlers’ responsibilities, and outlined a standard measure for surveying and subdividing land. The Dominion Lands Act devised specific homestead policies to encourage settlement in the West. The Act also set aside lands for what would become National Parks (1883). Métis lands were organized by the government outside the Dominion Lands Act, using the scrip system.
The Act set aside land for First Nations reserves. It allowed for lands in Western Canada to be granted to individuals, colonization companies, the Hudson’s Bay Company, railway construction, municipalities and religious groups. The Dominion Lands Act was a federal law that received royal assent on 14 April 1872.
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